The Profile of Urinary Tract Stone Patients and Challenges in Eastern Region of West Nusa Tenggara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/bjurology.2025.006.02.3Keywords:
challenges, Indonesia, urologist, urinary tract stoneAbstract
Introduction. Indonesia is among the most populated countries inside the stone belt region. Evaluation and management of urinary tract stones (UTS) may be influenced by several constraints. This study aims to describe characteristics of UTS patients and associated challenges in the eastern part of West Nusa Tenggara Province.
Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Bima Regional General Hospital. We included 235 UTS patients who underwent ultrasonographic (USG) and had complete medical records from January 2022 until June 2024.
Results. UTS patients were more common in males—158 patients (67.2%), the age group of 46–60 years (34.5%), and kidney stone (KS) cases (72.8%). The majority of stone sizes were <5 mm in 123 patients (52.3%), followed by >20 mm in 52 patients (22.1%). There were only 9 patients (3.8%) who were referred. There were 42 (17.8%) hydronephrosis patients, which has a significant relationship with the location of the stone (p<0.001). There were 18 patients (7.7%) who experienced chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 48 of 140 adult males (34.3%) had benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), which has a significant relationship with age (p<0.001).
Conclusion. Most of UTS patients were males in the age range of 46–60 years, predominantly with KS cases, and only a few patients referred. The presence of related diseases such as hydronephrosis, CKD, and BPH added complexities. Several constraints also made management of UTS more challenging. It is crucial to improve facilities, provide health education, and fulfill the needs of urologists in certain regions for better UTS management.
Keywords: challenges, Indonesia, urologist, urinary tract stone
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